1、安装 JDK 8 和 Maven,并添加它们的可执行文件到环境变量,效果如下:
$ mvn -version
Apache Maven 3.6.1 (d66c9c0b3152b2e69ee9bac180bb8fcc8e6af555; 2019-04-05T03:00:29+08:00)
Maven home: /Users/zhangzhongen/dev/maven/apache-maven-3.6.1
Java version: 1.8.0_201, vendor: Oracle Corporation, runtime: /Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.8.0_201.jdk/Contents/Home/jre
Default locale: zh_CN, platform encoding: UTF-8
OS name: "mac os x", version: "10.15.7", arch: "x86_64", family: "mac"
2、编辑 Maven 的 settings.xml
配置 Maven 使用阿里源:
<mirrors>
<mirror>
<id>alimaven</id>
<name>aliyun maven</name>
<url>http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public/</url>
<mirrorOf>central</mirrorOf>
</mirror>
</mirrors>
3、创建项目:
$ mvn archetype:generate -DgroupId=thinking-in-spring-boot -DartifactId=first-spring-boot-application -Dversion=1.0.0-SNAPSHOT -DinteractiveMode=false -Dpackage=thinking.in.spring.boot
执行过程中会下载很多依赖,完成后生成目录结构如下:
├── first-spring-boot-application.iml
├── pom.xml
├── src
│ ├── main
│ │ └── java
│ │ └── thinking
│ │ └── in
│ │ └── spring
│ │ └── boot
│ │ └── App.java
│ └── test
│ └── java
│ └── thinking
│ └── in
│ └── spring
│ └── boot
│ └── AppTest.java
└── target
4、修改 pom.xml
配置增加 SpringBoot 依赖与插件声明:
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>thinking-in-spring-boot</groupId>
<artifactId>first-spring-boot-application</artifactId>
<packaging>jar</packaging>
<version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>《Spring Boot 编程思想》第一个 Spring Boot 应用</name>
<url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
<parent>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<version>2.0.2.RELEASE</version>
</parent>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
<version>2.0.2.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>3.8.1</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
5、调整引导类 App.java
内容如下:
package thinking.in.spring.boot;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
/**
* Hello world!
*/
@RestController
@SpringBootApplication
public class App {
@RequestMapping("/")
public String index() {
return "Welcome , my Buddy!!!";
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(App.class, args);
}
}
6、检查依赖信息:
$ mvn dependency:tree -Dincludes=org.springframework*
[INFO] thinking-in-spring-boot:first-spring-boot-application:jar:1.0.0-SNAPSHOT
[INFO] \- org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-web:jar:2.0.2.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] +- org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter:jar:2.0.2.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] | +- org.springframework.boot:spring-boot:jar:2.0.2.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] | +- org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-autoconfigure:jar:2.0.2.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] | +- org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-logging:jar:2.0.2.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] | \- org.springframework:spring-core:jar:5.0.6.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] | \- org.springframework:spring-jcl:jar:5.0.6.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] +- org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-json:jar:2.0.2.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] +- org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-tomcat:jar:2.0.2.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] +- org.springframework:spring-web:jar:5.0.6.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] | \- org.springframework:spring-beans:jar:5.0.6.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] \- org.springframework:spring-webmvc:jar:5.0.6.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] +- org.springframework:spring-aop:jar:5.0.6.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] +- org.springframework:spring-context:jar:5.0.6.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] \- org.springframework:spring-expression:jar:5.0.6.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD SUCCESS
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Total time: 16.486 s
[INFO] Finished at: 2020-11-01T23:11:40+08:00
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
7、运行项目:
$ mvn spring-boot:run
...
. ____ _ __ _ _
/\\ / ___'_ __ _ _(_)_ __ __ _ \ \ \ \
( ( )\___ | '_ | '_| | '_ \/ _` | \ \ \ \
\\/ ___)| |_)| | | | | || (_| | ) ) ) )
' |____| .__|_| |_|_| |_\__, | / / / /
=========|_|==============|___/=/_/_/_/
:: Spring Boot :: (v2.0.2.RELEASE)
...
2020-11-01 23:12:50.524 INFO 92171 --- [ main] o.s.b.w.embedded.tomcat.TomcatWebServer : Tomcat initialized with port(s): 8080 (http)
2020-11-01 23:12:50.542 INFO 92171 --- [ main] o.apache.catalina.core.StandardService : Starting service [Tomcat]
2020-11-01 23:12:50.542 INFO 92171 --- [ main] org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine : Starting Servlet Engine: Apache Tomcat/8.5.31
...
8、测试访问:
$ curl 127.0.0.1:8080
Welcome , my Buddy!!!
9、在 pom.xml
添加 spring-boot-maven-plugin
插件(用于打包可执行 JAR):
<project>
...
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
10、编译生成 JAR 包:
$ mvn package
$ ls target/*.jar
target/first-spring-boot-application-1.0.0-SNAPSHOT.jar
11、停止前面通过 mvn spring-boot:run
启动的应用,运行 JAR 包以启动 Spring Boot 应用:
$ java -jar target/first-spring-boot-application-1.0.0-SNAPSHOT.jar
12、测试访问:
$ curl 127.0.0.1:8080
Welcome , my Buddy!!!
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