侧边栏壁纸
博主头像
张种恩的技术小栈博主等级

绿泡泡：___zze，添加备注来意

  • 累计撰写 748 篇文章
  • 累计创建 65 个标签
  • 累计收到 39 条评论

目 录CONTENT

文章目录
Java

SpringBoot(9)之自动配置原理

zze
zze
2018-02-15 / 0 评论 / 0 点赞 / 637 阅读 / 29428 字

知识储备

要了解 SpringBoot 的自动配置原理，最好的办法当然是直接看源码。SpringBoot 源码涉及许多注解驱动开发的内容，可参看：【Spring 注解驱动开发系列】。

除了 Spring 注解驱动开发相关的内容，我们还要了解一下 @Conditional 相关注解，该注解的作用主要是让指定 bean 在满足指定的条件下才注册到 IoC 容器。Spring 还以它为基础扩展出如下注解：

@Conditional 扩展注解作用（判断是否满足当前指定条件）
@ConditionalOnJava系统的 Java 版本是否符合要求
@ConditionalOnBean容器中存在指定 Bean
@ConditionalOnMissingBean容器中不存在指定 Bean
@ConditionalOnExpression满足 SpEL 表达式
@ConditionalOnClass系统中有指定的类
@ConditionalOnMissingClass系统中没有指定的类
@ConditionalOnSingleCandidate容器中只有一个指定的 Bean，或者这个 Bean 是首选 Bean
@ConditionalOnProperty环境变量中是否存在指定属性
@ConditionalOnResource类路径下是否存在指定资源文件
@ConditionalOnWebApplication当前是 Web 环境
@ConditionalOnNotWebApplication当前不是 Web 环境
@ConditionalOnJndiJNDI 存在指定项

前面已经花了很大篇幅讨论了 SpringBoot 配置相关内容，那具体有哪些属性可以在配置文件中配置呢？可参见【SpringBoot 配置文件中可配置的属性】。

可以看到我们可以在配置文件中配置很多属性，这些配置是如何生效的呢？？？下面进入源码部分。

源码分析

还是从程序入口类的上的 @SpringBootApplication 注解看起：

@Target(ElementType.TYPE)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
@Inherited
@SpringBootConfiguration
@EnableAutoConfiguration
@ComponentScan(excludeFilters = {
        @Filter(type = FilterType.CUSTOM, classes = TypeExcludeFilter.class),
        @Filter(type = FilterType.CUSTOM, classes = AutoConfigurationExcludeFilter.class) })
public @interface SpringBootApplication {

从注解名称就可以看出 @EnableAutoConfiguration 一定与自动配置有关，该注解的作用就是开启自动配置：

@Target(ElementType.TYPE)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
@Inherited
@AutoConfigurationPackage
@Import(AutoConfigurationImportSelector.class)
public @interface EnableAutoConfiguration {

可以看到，该注解类上标注了 @Import(AutoConfigurationImportSelector.class) 注解，这行注解的作用就是导入 AutoConfigurationImportSelector.selectImports 方法返回的类的全路径列表对应的 bean，具体使用参见【@Import】，查看该方法：

// org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.AutoConfigurationImportSelector#selectImports
@Override
public String[] selectImports(AnnotationMetadata annotationMetadata) {
    if (!isEnabled(annotationMetadata)) {
        return NO_IMPORTS;
    }
    AutoConfigurationMetadata autoConfigurationMetadata = AutoConfigurationMetadataLoader
            .loadMetadata(this.beanClassLoader);
    // <1>
    AutoConfigurationEntry autoConfigurationEntry = getAutoConfigurationEntry(
            autoConfigurationMetadata, annotationMetadata);
    return StringUtils.toStringArray(autoConfigurationEntry.getConfigurations());
}

看到 <1> 处，通过 getAutoConfigurationEntry(autoConfigurationMetadata, annotationMetadata) 获取自动配置集，查看该方法：

// org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.AutoConfigurationImportSelector#getAutoConfigurationEntry
protected AutoConfigurationEntry getAutoConfigurationEntry(
        AutoConfigurationMetadata autoConfigurationMetadata,
        AnnotationMetadata annotationMetadata) {
    if (!isEnabled(annotationMetadata)) {
        return EMPTY_ENTRY;
    }
    AnnotationAttributes attributes = getAttributes(annotationMetadata);
    // <2>
    List<String> configurations = getCandidateConfigurations(annotationMetadata,
            attributes);
    configurations = removeDuplicates(configurations);
    Set<String> exclusions = getExclusions(annotationMetadata, attributes);
    checkExcludedClasses(configurations, exclusions);
    configurations.removeAll(exclusions);
    configurations = filter(configurations, autoConfigurationMetadata);
    fireAutoConfigurationImportEvents(configurations, exclusions);
    return new AutoConfigurationEntry(configurations, exclusions);
}

接着通过第 <2> 行的 getCandidateConfigurations(annotationMetadata, attributes) 方法获取候选配置：

// org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.AutoConfigurationImportSelector#getCandidateConfigurations
protected List<String> getCandidateConfigurations(AnnotationMetadata metadata,
        AnnotationAttributes attributes) {
    List<String> configurations = SpringFactoriesLoader.loadFactoryNames(
            getSpringFactoriesLoaderFactoryClass(), getBeanClassLoader());
    Assert.notEmpty(configurations,
            "No auto configuration classes found in META-INF/spring.factories. If you "
                    + "are using a custom packaging, make sure that file is correct.");
    return configurations;
}

继续调用 SpringFactoriesLoader.loadFactoryNames( getSpringFactoriesLoaderFactoryClass(), getBeanClassLoader()) 方法：

// org.springframework.core.io.support.SpringFactoriesLoader#loadFactoryNames
public static List<String> loadFactoryNames(Class<?> factoryClass, @Nullable ClassLoader classLoader) {
    String factoryClassName = factoryClass.getName();
    return (List)loadSpringFactories(classLoader).getOrDefault(factoryClassName, Collections.emptyList());
}

接着调用 loadSpringFactories(classLoader) 方法：

// org.springframework.core.io.support.SpringFactoriesLoader#loadSpringFactories
private static Map<String, List<String>> loadSpringFactories(@Nullable ClassLoader classLoader) {
    MultiValueMap<String, String> result = (MultiValueMap)cache.get(classLoader);
    if (result != null) {
        return result;
    } else {
        try {
            Enumeration<URL> urls = classLoader != null ? classLoader.getResources("META-INF/spring.factories") : ClassLoader.getSystemResources("META-INF/spring.factories");
            LinkedMultiValueMap result = new LinkedMultiValueMap();

            while(urls.hasMoreElements()) {
                URL url = (URL)urls.nextElement();
                UrlResource resource = new UrlResource(url);
                Properties properties = PropertiesLoaderUtils.loadProperties(resource);
                Iterator var6 = properties.entrySet().iterator();

                while(var6.hasNext()) {
                    Entry<?, ?> entry = (Entry)var6.next();
                    String factoryClassName = ((String)entry.getKey()).trim();
                    String[] var9 = StringUtils.commaDelimitedListToStringArray((String)entry.getValue());
                    int var10 = var9.length;

                    for(int var11 = 0; var11 < var10; ++var11) {
                        String factoryName = var9[var11];
                        result.add(factoryClassName, factoryName.trim());
                    }
                }
            }

            cache.put(classLoader, result);
            return result;
        } catch (IOException var13) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unable to load factories from location [META-INF/spring.factories]", var13);
        }
    }
}

可以看到，该方法返回值是一个 Map，这个 Map 中封装了 META-INF/spring.factories 文件中属性和值得键值对，查看该文件：

# spring-boot-autoconfigure-2.1.3.RELEASE.jar!/META-INF/spring.factories
# Initializers
org.springframework.context.ApplicationContextInitializer=\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SharedMetadataReaderFactoryContextInitializer,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.logging.ConditionEvaluationReportLoggingListener

# Application Listeners
org.springframework.context.ApplicationListener=\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.BackgroundPreinitializer

# Auto Configuration Import Listeners
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.AutoConfigurationImportListener=\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.condition.ConditionEvaluationReportAutoConfigurationImportListener

# Auto Configuration Import Filters
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.AutoConfigurationImportFilter=\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.condition.OnBeanCondition,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.condition.OnClassCondition,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.condition.OnWebApplicationCondition

# Auto Configure
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.EnableAutoConfiguration=\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.admin.SpringApplicationAdminJmxAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.aop.AopAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.amqp.RabbitAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.batch.BatchAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.cache.CacheAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.cassandra.CassandraAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.cloud.CloudServiceConnectorsAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.context.ConfigurationPropertiesAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.context.MessageSourceAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.context.PropertyPlaceholderAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.couchbase.CouchbaseAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.dao.PersistenceExceptionTranslationAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.cassandra.CassandraDataAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.cassandra.CassandraReactiveDataAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.cassandra.CassandraReactiveRepositoriesAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.cassandra.CassandraRepositoriesAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.couchbase.CouchbaseDataAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.couchbase.CouchbaseReactiveDataAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.couchbase.CouchbaseReactiveRepositoriesAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.couchbase.CouchbaseRepositoriesAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.elasticsearch.ElasticsearchAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.elasticsearch.ElasticsearchDataAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.elasticsearch.ElasticsearchRepositoriesAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.jdbc.JdbcRepositoriesAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.jpa.JpaRepositoriesAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.ldap.LdapRepositoriesAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.mongo.MongoDataAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.mongo.MongoReactiveDataAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.mongo.MongoReactiveRepositoriesAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.mongo.MongoRepositoriesAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.neo4j.Neo4jDataAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.neo4j.Neo4jRepositoriesAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.solr.SolrRepositoriesAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.redis.RedisAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.redis.RedisReactiveAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.redis.RedisRepositoriesAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.rest.RepositoryRestMvcAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.web.SpringDataWebAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.elasticsearch.jest.JestAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.elasticsearch.rest.RestClientAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.flyway.FlywayAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.freemarker.FreeMarkerAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.gson.GsonAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.h2.H2ConsoleAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.hateoas.HypermediaAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.hazelcast.HazelcastAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.hazelcast.HazelcastJpaDependencyAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.http.HttpMessageConvertersAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.http.codec.CodecsAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.influx.InfluxDbAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.info.ProjectInfoAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.integration.IntegrationAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jackson.JacksonAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc.DataSourceAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc.JdbcTemplateAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc.JndiDataSourceAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc.XADataSourceAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc.DataSourceTransactionManagerAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jms.JmsAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jmx.JmxAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jms.JndiConnectionFactoryAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jms.activemq.ActiveMQAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jms.artemis.ArtemisAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.groovy.template.GroovyTemplateAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jersey.JerseyAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jooq.JooqAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jsonb.JsonbAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.kafka.KafkaAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.ldap.embedded.EmbeddedLdapAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.ldap.LdapAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.liquibase.LiquibaseAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.mail.MailSenderAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.mail.MailSenderValidatorAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.mongo.embedded.EmbeddedMongoAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.mongo.MongoAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.mongo.MongoReactiveAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.mustache.MustacheAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.orm.jpa.HibernateJpaAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.quartz.QuartzAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.reactor.core.ReactorCoreAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.security.servlet.SecurityAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.security.servlet.SecurityRequestMatcherProviderAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.security.servlet.UserDetailsServiceAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.security.servlet.SecurityFilterAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.security.reactive.ReactiveSecurityAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.security.reactive.ReactiveUserDetailsServiceAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.sendgrid.SendGridAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.session.SessionAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.security.oauth2.client.servlet.OAuth2ClientAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.security.oauth2.client.reactive.ReactiveOAuth2ClientAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.security.oauth2.resource.servlet.OAuth2ResourceServerAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.security.oauth2.resource.reactive.ReactiveOAuth2ResourceServerAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.solr.SolrAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.task.TaskExecutionAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.task.TaskSchedulingAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.thymeleaf.ThymeleafAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.transaction.TransactionAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.transaction.jta.JtaAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.validation.ValidationAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.client.RestTemplateAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.embedded.EmbeddedWebServerFactoryCustomizerAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.reactive.HttpHandlerAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.reactive.ReactiveWebServerFactoryAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.reactive.WebFluxAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.reactive.error.ErrorWebFluxAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.reactive.function.client.ClientHttpConnectorAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.reactive.function.client.WebClientAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.servlet.DispatcherServletAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.servlet.ServletWebServerFactoryAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.servlet.error.ErrorMvcAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.servlet.HttpEncodingAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.servlet.MultipartAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.servlet.WebMvcAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.websocket.reactive.WebSocketReactiveAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.websocket.servlet.WebSocketServletAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.websocket.servlet.WebSocketMessagingAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.webservices.WebServicesAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.webservices.client.WebServiceTemplateAutoConfiguration

# Failure analyzers
org.springframework.boot.diagnostics.FailureAnalyzer=\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.diagnostics.analyzer.NoSuchBeanDefinitionFailureAnalyzer,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc.DataSourceBeanCreationFailureAnalyzer,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc.HikariDriverConfigurationFailureAnalyzer,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.session.NonUniqueSessionRepositoryFailureAnalyzer

# Template availability providers
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.template.TemplateAvailabilityProvider=\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.freemarker.FreeMarkerTemplateAvailabilityProvider,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.mustache.MustacheTemplateAvailabilityProvider,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.groovy.template.GroovyTemplateAvailabilityProvider,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.thymeleaf.ThymeleafTemplateAvailabilityProvider,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.servlet.JspTemplateAvailabilityProvider

接着返回到 org.springframework.core.io.support.SpringFactoriesLoader#loadFactoryNames 中，通过 (List)loadSpringFactories(classLoader).getOrDefault(factoryClassName, Collections.emptyList()) 方法从返回的 Map 中获取 key 为 factoryClassName 的值，此时 factoryClassName 为 org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.EnableAutoConfiguration ，所以取出的那个集合实际上就是上述 spring-boot-autoconfigure-2.1.3.RELEASE.jar!/META-INF/spring.factories 文件中 key 为 org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.EnableAutoConfiguration 对应的那个值，这个值是大量自动配置类的全路径集合。最终逐层返回，成为 org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.AutoConfigurationImportSelector#selectImports 方法的返回值。

此时可以小结一下，@EnableAutoConfiguration 注解的作用实际上是将 META-INF/spring.factories 文件中 key 为 org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.EnableAutoConfiguration 对应的自动配置类全路径名集合对应的 bean 注册到容器中。

此时我们只是知道了 SpringBoot 在启动时会注册一部分自动配置类到容器中，这些自动配置类是如何工作的呢？我们可以挑一个简单的自动配置类查看一下，如下是编码自动配置类源码：

// org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.servlet.HttpEncodingAutoConfiguration
package org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.servlet;

import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.EnableAutoConfiguration;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.condition.ConditionalOnClass;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.condition.ConditionalOnMissingBean;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.condition.ConditionalOnProperty;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.condition.ConditionalOnWebApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.http.HttpProperties;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.http.HttpProperties.Encoding.Type;
import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.EnableConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.boot.web.server.WebServerFactoryCustomizer;
import org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.filter.OrderedCharacterEncodingFilter;
import org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.server.ConfigurableServletWebServerFactory;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.core.Ordered;
import org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter;

@Configuration
@EnableConfigurationProperties(HttpProperties.class)
@ConditionalOnWebApplication(type = ConditionalOnWebApplication.Type.SERVLET)
@ConditionalOnClass(CharacterEncodingFilter.class)
@ConditionalOnProperty(prefix = "spring.http.encoding", value = "enabled", matchIfMissing = true)
public class HttpEncodingAutoConfiguration {

    private final HttpProperties.Encoding properties;

    public HttpEncodingAutoConfiguration(HttpProperties properties) {
        this.properties = properties.getEncoding();
    }

    @Bean
    @ConditionalOnMissingBean
    public CharacterEncodingFilter characterEncodingFilter() {
        CharacterEncodingFilter filter = new OrderedCharacterEncodingFilter();
        filter.setEncoding(this.properties.getCharset().name());
        filter.setForceRequestEncoding(this.properties.shouldForce(Type.REQUEST));
        filter.setForceResponseEncoding(this.properties.shouldForce(Type.RESPONSE));
        return filter;
    }

    @Bean
    public LocaleCharsetMappingsCustomizer localeCharsetMappingsCustomizer() {
        return new LocaleCharsetMappingsCustomizer(this.properties);
    }

    private static class LocaleCharsetMappingsCustomizer implements
            WebServerFactoryCustomizer<ConfigurableServletWebServerFactory>, Ordered {

        private final HttpProperties.Encoding properties;

        LocaleCharsetMappingsCustomizer(HttpProperties.Encoding properties) {
            this.properties = properties;
        }

        @Override
        public void customize(ConfigurableServletWebServerFactory factory) {
            if (this.properties.getMapping() != null) {
                factory.setLocaleCharsetMappings(this.properties.getMapping());
            }
        }

        @Override
        public int getOrder() {
            return 0;
        }
    }
}

我们先看一下它的注解：

第一个注解 @Configuration 我们已经知道，是用来标注一个类未配置类，同时也会将这个类注册到容器中。

接着看第二个注解 @EnableConfigurationProperties(HttpProperties.class) ，该注解本身的作用是启用指定类的属性与全局配置绑定，并将该类注册到容器，这里指定了属性 HttpProperties.class，即启用该类的配置绑定，查看该类：

// org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.http.HttpProperties
package org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.http;

import java.nio.charset.Charset;
import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
import java.util.Locale;
import java.util.Map;

import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;

@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.http")
public class HttpProperties {

    private boolean logRequestDetails;

    private final Encoding encoding = new Encoding();

    public boolean isLogRequestDetails() {
        return this.logRequestDetails;
    }

    public void setLogRequestDetails(boolean logRequestDetails) {
        this.logRequestDetails = logRequestDetails;
    }

    public Encoding getEncoding() {
        return this.encoding;
    }

    public static class Encoding {

        public static final Charset DEFAULT_CHARSET = StandardCharsets.UTF_8;

        private Charset charset = DEFAULT_CHARSET;

        private Boolean force;

        private Boolean forceRequest;

        private Boolean forceResponse;

        private Map<Locale, Charset> mapping;

        public Charset getCharset() {
            return this.charset;
        }

        public void setCharset(Charset charset) {
            this.charset = charset;
        }

        public boolean isForce() {
            return Boolean.TRUE.equals(this.force);
        }

        public void setForce(boolean force) {
            this.force = force;
        }

        public boolean isForceRequest() {
            return Boolean.TRUE.equals(this.forceRequest);
        }

        public void setForceRequest(boolean forceRequest) {
            this.forceRequest = forceRequest;
        }

        public boolean isForceResponse() {
            return Boolean.TRUE.equals(this.forceResponse);
        }

        public void setForceResponse(boolean forceResponse) {
            this.forceResponse = forceResponse;
        }

        public Map<Locale, Charset> getMapping() {
            return this.mapping;
        }

        public void setMapping(Map<Locale, Charset> mapping) {
            this.mapping = mapping;
        }

        public boolean shouldForce(Type type) {
            Boolean force = (type != Type.REQUEST) ? this.forceResponse
                    : this.forceRequest;
            if (force == null) {
                force = this.force;
            }
            if (force == null) {
                force = (type == Type.REQUEST);
            }
            return force;
        }
        
        public enum Type {
            REQUEST, RESPONSE
        }
    }
}

所以 @EnableConfigurationProperties(HttpProperties.class) 执行完毕时容器中就已经注册了 HttpProperties bean。

第三个注解 @ConditionalOnWebApplication(type = ConditionalOnWebApplication.Type.SERVLET) 顾名思义就是判断当前是否为 Web 环境，如果不是，则配置失效。

第四个注解 @ConditionalOnClass(CharacterEncodingFilter.class) 用来检查当前工程中是否有 CharacterEncodingFilter 类的依赖，如果没有，则配置是小。

第五个注解 @ConditionalOnProperty(prefix = "spring.http.encoding", value = "enabled", matchIfMissing = true) 是用来检查是否配置了 spring.http.encoding.enabled 属性，如果没配置，默认为 true。

注解我们已经看完了，我们发现它只有一个有参构造，当一个组件只有一个有参构造时，这个构造器的参数会默认从 IoC 容器中取出，而该参数是 HttpProperties 类型，正是我们刚刚看到通过第二个注解注册到容器的且属性与配置文件进行绑定了的 bean，所以该构造方法默认会使用这个 bean。接着它注册了一个 CharacterEncodingFilter 的 bean（即 SpringMVC 中解决乱码的 bean），该 bean 的 encoding 属性的值为 properties.getCharset().name() ，而这个 properties 就是我们之前看到绑定了配置文件的 bean，所以我们只要在配置文件中更改这个 bean 对应属性对应的配置，就能够间接的控制到这个解决乱码 Filter 的属性。

总结

SpringBoot 启动时会加载大量的自动配置类。

给容器中自动配置类添加组件时，会从对应的 XXXProperties 类中获取某些属性，所以我们可以在配置文件中指定这些属性的值。

如果我们要做某个功能，我们可以先看 SpringBoot 有没有提供对应功能的自动配置类，接着我们可以查看该自动配置类中配置了哪些组件，只要我们要使用的组件存在，我们就不需要再手动配置了。

查看生效的自动配置类

通过上面源码部分我们已经知道，自动配置类是需要在一定条件下才能生效的。我们可以通过指定属性 debug=true ，那么在 SpringBoot 应用启动时控制台将会打印出配置报告，这样我们就可以很方便的知道哪些自动配置类是生效的，哪些自动配置类是不生效的。

image.png

image.png

0
SpringBoot
版权归属： zze
本文链接： https://www.zze.xyz/archives/springboot9
许可协议： 本文使用《署名-非商业性使用-相同方式共享 4.0 国际 (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0)》协议授权

评论区